[hidden] { display: none !important; }
html { scroll-padding-top: 100px; }
main, main article, main section, main figure { min-width: 0; }
.research-hero { position: relative; isolation: isolate; display: grid; align-content: space-between; gap: 30px; min-height: min(680px, calc(100svh - 164px)); padding: 44px max(24px, calc((100% - 1036px) / 2)); color: #f6f5f3; background: #10131b; }
.research-hero canvas { position: absolute; inset: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; z-index: -2; }
.research-hero::after { content: ''; position: absolute; inset: 0; z-index: -1; pointer-events: none; background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(5,8,15,.1), rgba(5,8,15,.65)); }
.hero-copy { max-width: 850px; }
.hero-kicker { font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 18px; color: #c5d8df; }
.hero-copy h1 { font-size: 88px; line-height: 1.05; letter-spacing: 0; margin: 0; }
.hero-thesis { max-width: 54ch; margin: 22px 0; font-size: 24px; line-height: 1.42; }
.hero-links { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px 28px; font-size: 16px; }
.hero-links a { text-underline-offset: 5px; }
.hero-sky-controls { width: min(100%, 680px); font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.45; }
.sky-location { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: baseline; gap: 6px 20px; margin-bottom: 14px; }
.sky-location p { margin: 0; }
.sky-location button { appearance: none; background: transparent; color: #cfe4ee; border: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #8faebd; font: inherit; padding: 4px 0; cursor: pointer; }
.sky-location button:disabled { cursor: progress; opacity: .65; }
.bortle-labels { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px; color: #d6e2e8; }
.research-hero #bortle-readout { margin: 12px 0 5px; min-height: 2.9em; }
.sky-disclosure { margin: 0; max-width: 68ch; color: #bacbd2; }
#sky-status:empty { display: none; }
#sky-status { margin: 6px 0 0; color: #f6e2ac; }
#sky-tip { position: absolute; z-index: 5; top: 0; left: 0; margin: 0; padding: 5px 9px; color: #fff; background: #17191fe6; font-size: 12px; pointer-events: none; opacity: 0; }
.research-section { display: flex; flex-direction: column; max-width: 1180px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 26px 48px 64px; }
.section-heading { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: baseline; gap: 12px 20px; padding-bottom: 18px; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--color-text); }
.section-heading { order: 0; }
.section-number { font-size: 24px; color: var(--color-accent-700); }
.section-heading h2 { font-size: 26px; letter-spacing: 0; margin: 0; }
.section-note { margin-left: auto; font-size: 13px; color: var(--color-neutral-700); }
.research-index { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px 28px; padding: 16px 0 0; font-size: 15px; }
.research-index { order: 1; }
.research-journey { order: 2; }
#particle-study { order: 3; }
#neutron-study { order: 4; }
#skyqi-study { order: 5; }
.research-case { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 210px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 56px; padding-top: 52px; margin-top: 32px; border-top: 1px solid var(--color-divider); scroll-margin-top: 20px; }
.research-case:first-of-type { border-top: 0; margin-top: 0; }
.case-meta { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: var(--color-neutral-700); }
.case-meta .case-discipline { color: var(--color-accent-700); font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; }
.case-meta figure { margin: 22px 0; }
.case-meta img { width: 100%; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 3 / 4; object-fit: cover; }
.case-meta figcaption { font-size: 13px; margin-top: 10px; }
.case-body h3 { font-size: 32px; line-height: 1.18; letter-spacing: 0; max-width: 30ch; }
.case-body p { margin: 18px 0; }
.case-question { font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.5; }
.case-finding { border-left: 3px solid var(--color-accent-2-600); padding-left: 18px; font-size: 17px; }
.case-facts { margin: 26px 0; }
.case-facts > div { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 130px minmax(0,1fr); gap: 18px; padding: 12px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--color-divider); }
.case-facts dt { font-size: 14px; color: var(--color-neutral-700); }
.case-facts dd { margin: 0; font-size: 16px; }
.particle-explorer { margin: 36px 0 24px; scroll-margin-top: 20px; }
.explorer-heading { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; align-items: baseline; justify-content: space-between; padding: 18px 0; border-top: 2px solid var(--color-text); }
.explorer-heading h4 { font-size: 24px; letter-spacing: 0; margin: 0; }
.explorer-heading a { font-size: 14px; }
.evidence-detail { border-top: 1px solid var(--color-divider); font-size: 16px; }
.evidence-detail:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-divider); }
.evidence-detail summary { cursor: pointer; padding: 16px 6px 16px 0; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; }
.evidence-detail summary::marker { color: var(--color-accent-700); }
.evidence-detail[open] { padding-bottom: 16px; }
.evidence-detail summary:hover { color: var(--color-accent-700); }
.interaction-diagram { margin: 20px 0; max-width: 620px; }
.interaction-diagram svg { max-width: 100%; }
.interaction-steps { padding-left: 22px; }
.interaction-steps li { margin-bottom: 12px; }
.explorer-tabs { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-divider); margin-top: 18px; }
.explorer-tabs button { appearance: none; border: 0; border-bottom: 3px solid transparent; padding: 14px 6px; background: transparent; color: var(--color-neutral-700); font: inherit; font-size: 15px; cursor: pointer; }
.explorer-tabs button[aria-selected="true"] { color: var(--color-accent-700); border-bottom-color: var(--color-accent-700); font-weight: 600; }
.result-panel { padding: 22px 0 12px; }
.result-panel h5 { font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.35; letter-spacing: 0; margin: 0 0 18px; }
.figure-options { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px 20px; border: 0; padding: 0; margin: 0 0 18px; font-size: 14px; }
.figure-options legend { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding: 0; overflow: hidden; clip-path: inset(50%); }
.figure-options label { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px; cursor: pointer; min-height: 36px; }
.figure-options input { accent-color: var(--color-accent-700); }
.result-panel figure { margin: 0; max-width: 560px; } /* a figure, not a poster — the PNG opens full-size on click */
.result-panel img { width: 100%; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 800 / 574; object-fit: contain; background: white; }
.result-panel figcaption { font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 12px; }
.result-panel p { font-size: 16px; }
.result-panel .result-limit { font-size: 14px; color: var(--color-neutral-700); padding-top: 16px; border-top: 1px solid var(--color-divider); }
.evidence-links { padding-left: 20px; line-height: 1.8; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.table-scroll { overflow-x: auto; }
.research-table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 14px; text-align: left; margin: 12px 0; }
.research-table caption { text-align: left; padding-bottom: 12px; color: var(--color-neutral-700); }
.research-table th, .research-table td { padding: 12px 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-divider); }
.research-table th { font-weight: 600; }
@media (min-width: 761px) and (max-height: 720px) {
  .research-hero { padding-top: 24px; padding-bottom: 24px; gap: 18px; }
  .hero-copy h1 { font-size: 64px; }
  .hero-thesis { font-size: 20px; margin: 14px 0; }
  .hero-kicker { margin-bottom: 10px; }
  .research-hero #bortle-readout { min-height: 1.45em; }
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .research-hero { padding: 28px 24px; gap: 22px; }
  .hero-copy h1 { font-size: 48px; }
  .hero-thesis { font-size: 18px; margin: 16px 0; }
  .hero-kicker { font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 12px; }
  .hero-links { font-size: 14px; gap: 8px 18px; }
  .hero-sky-controls { font-size: 11px; }
  .sky-location { margin-bottom: 10px; }
  .research-section { padding: 22px 24px 40px; }
  .section-note { display: none; }
  .research-case { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 22px; padding-top: 32px; }
  .case-meta figure { display: none; }
  .case-meta p { margin: 0 0 8px; }
  .case-body h3 { font-size: 28px; }
  .case-question { font-size: 18px; }
  .case-facts > div { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 6px; }
  .explorer-tabs button { font-size: 13px; padding: 12px 4px; }
  .explorer-heading h4 { font-size: 22px; }
  #about > div:last-child, #projects article, #beyond > div:last-child { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) !important; }
  #about figure { max-width: 320px; }
  #writing li { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) !important; gap: 8px !important; }
}
@media (max-width: 360px) {
  .hero-copy h1 { font-size: 40px; }
  .research-hero, .research-section { padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .result-panel.is-entering { animation: result-enter 180ms cubic-bezier(.2,0,0,1); }
  @keyframes result-enter { from { opacity: .55; transform: translateY(4px); } to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); } }
}

/* .cmyk-num is position:relative and paints an opaque ground padded 0.12em past
   its glyphs (broadsheet.css:155 — shared with ../cv, so fixed here instead).
   Being positioned, it paints above the STATIC paragraph that follows it, and
   that padded ground ate the top of every record-tile heading: at ~104px the
   0.12em overhang is ~12px, and because the span is width:fit-content it clipped
   exactly as many characters as the numeral was wide ("Patent" → "ratent" under
   the narrow "1"). Lifting the heading into the same painting layer puts it back
   on top, in DOM order. */
.cmyk-num + p { position: relative; }

/* ── compact research list (2026-09-19) ───────────────────────────────
   The section was 1,678 words of walkthroughs, figure tabs and case
   studies. It is now three papers, each a venue line, a title, its
   authorship, one sentence and links to the source — the detail belongs
   in the papers. `.research-section` is flex with ordered children, so
   these carry explicit order values. */
.research-lede { order: 1; margin: 20px 0 0; max-width: 62ch; font-size: 17px; color: var(--color-neutral-800); }
.paper-list { order: 2; list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: grid; gap: 0; }
.paper-list > li {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 230px) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 6px clamp(24px, 4vw, 56px); align-items: start;
  padding: 30px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-divider);
}
.paper-body { min-width: 0; max-width: 68ch; }
.paper-list > li:first-child { border-top: 1px solid var(--color-divider); margin-top: 28px; }
.paper-list > li:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
.paper-venue {
  margin: 0; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: .14em; text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--color-accent-700);
}
.paper-list h3 {
  margin: 0; font-family: var(--font-heading); font-weight: 600;
  font-size: clamp(19px, 2.1vw, 24px); line-height: 1.3; letter-spacing: -.01em;
}
.paper-authors { margin: 10px 0 0; font-size: 15px; font-style: italic; color: var(--color-neutral-700); }
.paper-note { margin: 12px 0 0; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.6; max-width: 66ch; }
.paper-links {
  display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px 22px; margin: 16px 0 0;
  font-size: 14px;
}
@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .paper-list > li { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 10px; padding: 24px 0; }
  .paper-note { font-size: 15px; }
}